IMPandWWIreview3

**PERIOD 3**
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=**American Imperialism**=
 * What is imperialism?**

Imperialism is foreign policy of extending the control of one nation over the political and economic life of other areas around the world.


 * What were the main causes of American imperialism the late 1800s?**

- Competition with European nations, Economic Interests, Military, Cultural Superiority.

Yellow Journalism The de Lome Letter Jingoismc (Extreme Patriotism)
 * What were the causes and effects of the Spanish American War?**
 * __The Cause__**
 * The Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine**

-Over 5,000 casualties (only about 400 battle deaths), and a cost of $250 million -Expansion of the U.S.-America acquires Puerto Rico, Philippines, Guam, and Wake Island. -Spain has to recognize Cuban independence and leave the Island nation -The Platt Amendment (part of the Cuban constitution)-Cuba is limited in making treaties, US can intervene in Cuban affairs, Cuba becomes a Protectorate of the US and US gains a naval base at Guantanamo Bay- American-Cuban relations begin (positive and negative) -Revolution in the Philippines- led by Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipinos revolt against the US-violent, deadly, costly to both the the US (7,000) and the Philippines (100,000+) -American strengths and arms become respected-recognied as a global power -U.S. becomes much more involved in Asia and Latin America -U.S. nationalism increases -US becomes a two-ocean nation, and will look for a link to help commercial and military strength -American opposition or anti-imperialism develops
 * __The Impact__**

-Spanish American War wasn't for conquest. -Philippines should be "Free and Independent." -Imperialism was expensive. -problems at home -no such thing as ,"The White Man's Burden" -too hard to hold and govern the colonies. -undemocratic-not fair that the colonies would be governed but no represented in Congress
 * Why did people begin to oppose imperialism after the war?**


 * __In general, what happened in each of the following situations:__**


 * Hawaii -**
 * The Philippines**-
 * Panama**-
 * China and the Open Door Policy**-
 * The Roosevelt Corollary**-
 * Dollar Diplomacy-**
 * Moral Diplomacy**-
 * Pancho Villa**-

=The Origins of WWI= - Militarism- belief that a nation needs a larger military -Alliances- Catching someone's back- countries helping each other out for a common purpose -Imperialism- expanding power; everyone wanted the most, which was a problem -Nationalism- pride in one's nation or ethnicity. People put their interests over others. - The heir to the throne, Franz was shot due to Serbia citizen. Alliances became to join when another declared war on the other. -ADD ON: Franz Ferdinand and his wife went to Bosnia and a member of The Blackhand (slavic terroit) attempted to throw a bomb at him during the parade. This 1st attempt failed. On Fraz's ways to the hospital to visit those hurt in the bombing another assassin from the Blackhand killed both him and his wife, Sophie. The Arch Duke's assassination by a Serb led to Austria declaring war and then all of the intricate European alliances kicked in.
 * What were the 4 MAIN long term causes of World War I?**
 * What was the short term cause (6/28/14), and how did it lead to global war?**


 * What were the two sides of the conflict?**

- Alliances, the U.S. was routed there, their heritage. Loaned them billions of dollars.
 * At the start, who did the US tend to support, and why?**

=America enters WWI= - The didn't want to be attacked if they joined one side and not the other -HUGE COST- many lives would be lost and money spent if we entered the war - Submarine Warfare, Zimmermann telegram, couldn't have neutrality.
 * Why did the U.S. and Wilson stay neutral at the beginning of the war?**
 * What events and ideas led the United States into the war?**

- The U-boats were attacking our ships, broke a treaty. We weren't allowed neutrality.
 * Why did Wilson eventually ask Congress to join the Allies in Europe?**


 * What did he say in his war message?**

- We want to make other countries safe for democracy. =The Home Front= - People cut back on food, woman began to take mens places in the work force when men were away. People made clothing, raised money. - It increased, the government would throw people in jail who spoke out against the war.
 * How did the U.S. government mobilize America in the areas of labor, finance, production, and public support?**
 * How did the strength of the U.S. government grow during the war?**
 * How were civil liberties limited during the war?**
 * What role did women play in the war effort?**


 * How did the war affect African Americans?**


 * Why did some American oppose involvement into the war?**

=America in WWI=
 * What was the AEF?**


 * Why were trenches built in the Western Front?**


 * What was modern about World War I?**


 * What impact did the U.S. have "Over There"?**

=Peace at Versailles= 1. no secret alliances 2. freedom of the seas 3. tariffs and trade barriers should be lowered or abolished for free trade. 4. reduced arms 5. colonial policies should consider rights of colonists 6-13. specific changes in Europe- pushed for building boundaries along "historically established lines of nationality" 14. a league of nations- to address diplomatic crises like those that had sparked the war. -Vittorio Orlando of Italy: wanted control of some Austrian territory - David Lloyd George of Great Britain: make Germany pay - George Clemenceau of France: not have another German invasion of France happen again. -Woodrow Wilson: have the world safe for democracy
 * What was/were Wilson's Fourteen Points?**
 * What were the goals for the "Big Four" in the peace process?**

-have Germany take complete blame for the war. -have Germany pay $33 billion in reparations -the demilitarization of the German army (100,000 men) - Germany loses a lot of land and new nations are formed. -too harsh -some opposed the league of nations -sell out to imperialism -ethnic groups opposed the new boundaries -Senate opposed the treaty because no Republicans joined Wilson in Versailles and because of concerns of the League of Nations. -Wilson suffers stroke due to stress. -US never ratifies the treaty and therefore never joins the League of Nations.
 * What were the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles?**
 * Why did many Americans oppose the Treaty of Versailles?**
 * Why was the Treaty of Versailles an eventual failure?**
 * What is the legacy of World War I?**